Calendar definitions

The Global Civil Calendar (the Gregorian calendar) is the world’s most widely used and recognized solar calendar for civil, administrative, and commercial purposes.

The Hijri calendar is a lunar calendar based on the Moon’s cycle to determine its months, and is used for religious occasions and Islamic observances such as fasting and Hajj.

The Solar Hijri calendar is a timekeeping system based on Earth’s orbit around the Sun, like the Gregorian calendar. However, it takes the migration of Prophet Muhammad ﷺ from Mecca to Medina as the starting point for its era and years, rather than the birth of Christ.

The Syriac/Levantine calendar is a civil solar system that preserves inherited Mesopotamian and Syriac month names across the Levant and Iraq while following the civil Gregorian cycle.